Onam 2025: Dates, History, Traditions, Rituals, and Celebrations

What is Onam?

Onam is a vibrant and joyous festival celebrated primarily in the state of Kerala, India. It marks the homecoming of the mythical King Mahabali, who is believed to visit his people during this time. This festival is a harvest celebration that reflects the rich culture and traditions of Kerala. Onam brings together families and communities, fostering a spirit of unity and joy.

Significance of Onam in Kerala

Onam holds immense significance in Kerala. It symbolises the abundance of the harvest and the prosperity of the land. The festival is not only a time for celebration but also a period for reflection on the values of togetherness, kindness, and gratitude. It is a time when people come together to celebrate their shared heritage and cultural identity, making it an essential part of the social fabric of Kerala.

Dates of Onam 2025

Onam Festival Timeline

Onam is celebrated over a span of ten days, with each day having its own significance and rituals. The festival begins with Atham and culminates with Thiruvonam, the most important day of the celebration. In 2025, the festival will commence on August 26 and conclude on September 5.

Key Dates to Remember

Some regions also continue celebrations with post-Onam days like Avittom and Chathayam, extending it up to 12 days. These dates are significant as they outline the various rituals and celebrations that take place during the festival. 

Historical Background of Onam

Origins of Onam

The origins of Onam are steeped in history and mythology. It is believed to have ancient roots, dating back to the time when Kerala was ruled by King Mahabali. According to legend, Mahabali was a just and benevolent ruler who brought prosperity to his kingdom. However, the gods, feeling threatened by his popularity, sent Lord Vishnu to subdue him. Vishnu took the form of a dwarf Brahmin named Vamana and tricked Mahabali into giving up his kingdom. Before leaving, Mahabali requested to visit his people once a year, which is celebrated as Onam.

Mythological Stories Associated with Onam

Several stories are associated with the celebration of Onam. The most prominent is the tale of King Mahabali’s visit. It is said that during his reign, the land flourished, and all his subjects lived in happiness. His annual visit during Onam is marked by grand celebrations, symbolising the return of prosperity and joy. Other stories include the significance of the pookalam (floral decorations) and the grand feast known as Onam Sadhya, which are integral parts of the festivities.

Traditions and Rituals of Onam

Pookalam: The Floral Decorations

One of the most beautiful traditions of Onam is the creation of pookalam, intricate floral designs arranged at the entrance of homes. Each day of the festival, new flowers are added to the pookalam, symbolising growth and welcoming the spirit of King Mahabali. The designs often feature vibrant colours and various floral patterns, making them a feast for the eyes.

Onam Sadhya: The Festive Feast

The Onam Sadhya is a grand vegetarian feast served on banana leaves, consisting of a variety of dishes. It typically includes rice, sambar, avial, thoran, and a selection of pickles and desserts. The meal is not just about food; it is a celebration of Kerala’s culinary heritage and is enjoyed by families and communities together. Sharing this meal is a way of expressing love and unity.

Boat Races: Vallam Kali

Vallam Kali, or boat races, are a thrilling part of the Onam celebrations. These races take place in the backwaters of Kerala, where teams compete in long, narrow boats. The atmosphere is electric, with cheering crowds and traditional music adding to the excitement. This event showcases the spirit of teamwork and camaraderie among participants and spectators alike.

The Tiger Dance: Pulikali

Performers paint their bodies like tigers and hunters and dance to traditional beats, entertaining crowds during Onam festivities. The vibrant display of colors, energy, and playful moves makes it one of the most awaited attractions of the festival. Entire towns gather to witness Pulikali, creating a carnival-like atmosphere that reflects the spirit of joy and community bonding.

Traditional Attire: Dressing for Onam

During Onam, people dress in traditional attire to celebrate the festival. Women often wear the kasavu saree, which is a cream-coloured saree with a golden border, while men typically wear the mundu, a traditional garment. Dressing up in these outfits adds to the festive spirit and reflects the rich cultural heritage of Kerala.

Kummattikali & Folk Arts

• Kummattikali: Mask dances performed door-to-door.
• Onathallu: Martial art-style combat re-enactment.
• Thiruvathirakali: Graceful women’s group dance around a lamp.
• Kathakali & Mohiniyattam: Classical performances narrating stories from epics.

Celebrations During Onam

Community Celebrations and Events

Onam is a time for communal celebrations, where people come together to participate in various events. Local communities organise fairs, cultural programmes, and competitions, fostering a sense of belonging and joy. These events often include traditional games, art exhibitions, and food stalls, allowing everyone to partake in the festivities.

Cultural Performances: Dance and Music

Dance and music are integral parts of Onam celebrations. Traditional performances such as Kathakali, Mohiniyattam, and Thiruvathira are showcased during this period. These art forms narrate stories from mythology and reflect the rich cultural heritage of Kerala. The rhythmic beats of traditional music fill the air, creating an atmosphere of celebration and joy.

Family Gatherings and Activities

Onam is primarily a family festival, where families gather to celebrate and strengthen their bonds. People travel from far and wide to be with their loved ones during this time. Families engage in various activities, such as preparing for the Sadhya, decorating their homes, and participating in community events. This togetherness is what makes Onam a truly special occasion.

The Importance of Onam in Modern Times

In modern times, Onam has transcended its traditional roots, becoming a symbol of Kerala’s cultural identity. It serves as a reminder of the values of unity, generosity, and gratitude. The festival encourages people to celebrate their heritage while embracing the diversity of contemporary society. It is an opportunity to reflect on the importance of community and the bonds that tie people together, regardless of their backgrounds.

How You Can Celebrate Onam

Celebrating Onam can be a delightful experience, whether you are in Kerala or elsewhere. Here are some suggestions on how you can partake in the festivities:

• Decorate Your Home: Create a pookalam at your entrance using colourful flowers. This will not only beautify your home but also welcome the spirit of Onam.
• Prepare an Onam Sadhya: Gather your family and prepare a traditional Onam feast. Even if you cannot make all the dishes, preparing a few can make the meal special.
• Participate in Local Events: Check for any local events or celebrations in your community. Participating in these can help you connect with others and experience the festival’s joy.
• Learn About Traditional Arts: Explore traditional dance or music forms associated with Onam. You could even take part in workshops or performances to immerse yourself in the culture.
• Share with Others: Onam is about sharing and caring. Consider inviting friends or neighbours to join in the celebrations, fostering a sense of community.