How much does UPI charge per transaction?

For individual users, most UPI transactions, including peer-to-peer (P2P) and bank-to-bank peer-to-merchant (P2M) transfers, are free of charge. However, UPI payments made to merchants using a Prepaid Payment Instrument (PPI), such as a digital wallet, above ₹2,000, incur an interchange fee. This fee, ranging from 0.5% to 1.1% depending on the merchant category, is paid by the merchant, not the customer.